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A. The provisions of this chapter concerning the allocation and apportionment of receipts and expenses to principal and income shall govern the allocation and apportionment of receipts and expenses between a tenant and a remainderman where no trust has been created, except as otherwise provided in subsection B or C, and except for any provision that requires the exercise of a discretionary power by a trustee. B. The cost of, or special taxes or assessments for, an improvement representing an addition of value to property forming part of the principal shall be paid by the tenant, when such improvement cannot reasonably be expected to outlast the estate of the tenant. In all other cases a portion thereof only shall be paid by the tenant, while the remainder shall be paid by the remainderman. Such portion shall be ascertained by taking that percentage of the total that is found by dividing the present value of the tenant's estate by the present value of an estate corresponding to the reasonably expected duration of the improvement. The computation of present values of the estate shall be made on the expectancy basis set forth in § 55.1-500 and no other evidence of duration or expectancy shall be considered. When either tenant or remainderman has incurred an expense for the benefit of his own estate and without the consent or agreement of the other, he shall pay such expense in full. C. The rules of this section are subject to any agreement of the parties. 1999, c. 55.1-500 , § 55-277.31; 2012, c. 55.1-500 .
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